Reactivity
Human
(tested or 100% immunogen sequence identity)
Immunogen
Human brain S100 protein.
Specificity
Recognizes S100 protein derived from human brain tissue. It is a 21kD acidic calcium-binding protein synthesized by astroglial cells. It can be found predominantly as two isoforms, the alpha-beta heterodimer (S100a) and the beta-beta homodimer (S100b). The S100 family of proteins have been implicated in a large variety of intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities, such as cellular energy metabolism, cytoskeleton modification, cell proliferation and differentiation. When glial cells are damaged, S100 protein is leaked into the extracellular matrix and cerebrospinal fluid, further releasing into the bloodstream. As such, S100 protein can be used as a sensitive and reliable marker for nervous system damage, such as after brain damage or acute stroke. Recognizes both S100a (alpha-beta) and S100b (beta-beta). May be used to detect S100 protein in ELISA assay. Sensitive to EDTA and other bivalent-binding agents. Better performance can be obtained in the presence of 5 mM CaCl2 in assay buffers.