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p16 is one of two proteins transcribed from the gene CDKN2A on chromosome 9 locus p21. P16 can prevent phosphorylation of Rb protein (RB1) by inhibiting CDK4 and CDK6, and it manages G1 to S transition in the cell cycle via this p16-Rb pathway. Expression of p16 is also involved in regulating cellular senescence (PMC3288293). Cancers see frequent mutation, deletion and hypermethylation of CDKN2A, or alternatively may show overexpression of transcribed p16 protein alongside knockout of its repressor RB1 (PMID: 7954450). Thus, both up- and down-regulation of p16 as part of the dysregulation of the p16-Rb pathway can be indicative of loss of senescent properties and a breakdown of the negative regulation of proliferation in the cell. Evaluating p16 status via IHC, elisa or assay can therefore be a useful means of mapping the progression of cell cycle destabilization in a given cancer.
Target Name: | p16INK4a |
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